Literal meaning of history-it definitely happenedIs. father of historygreeceOfherodotusIt is believed that about 2500 years ago hehistoricaWrote a book named.
Father of Indian HistoryVed Vyas, author of MahabharataAre considered.
Colonel James ToddIs considered the father of the history of Rajasthan.
The sources of history can be mainly divided into two parts.archaeological and literary sources. Archaeological sources can be divided into inscriptions, coins and copper plates etc. We can divide the historical sources of Rajasthan into historical literature of Sanskrit language, historical literature of Rajasthani language, historical literature of Hindi language and historical literature of Prakrit language/Jain language.
Archaeological sources are the most authentic evidence for the study of the history of Rajasthan. These mainly includeExcavated material, inscriptions, coins, monuments, copper plates, buildings, statues, paintingsetc. come. Work of excavation, survey, collection, study and publication etc. of archaeological sources.Archaeological Survey of IndiaDoes. Establishment of Archaeological Survey of Indiaalexander cunninghamled by1861 ADWas done in. Archaeological survey work was done for the first time in Rajasthan.1871 ADcredit for starting inA. Sou.L. CarlyleGoes to.
Following are the major archaeological sources related to Rajasthan:-
inscription/record
Important sources under archaeological sources are records. The main reason for this is that they are dated and contemporary. The language of early inscriptions is Sanskrit, while the language of medieval inscriptions is Sanskrit, Persian, Urdu, Rajasthani etc. records in which onlysuccess story of the ruler's achievementsIt happens, hecommendation' They say.
Study of recordsepigraphy' They say. in the recordsInscription, pillar inscription, cave inscription, sculpture, tablet inscriptionetc. means articles engraved on stone, metal etc. are included. oldest records in indiaAshok Mauryawhich isPrakrit Magadhi languageand mainlyBrahmi script(There are other scriptsKharosthi, Aramaic and Greek) are written in.DoubtrulerRudradamanJunagadh inscription ofFirst Sanskrit inscription in IndiaIs. Main language of inscriptions of RajasthanSanskrit and RajasthaniIs. His style is prose-poetry and his scriptMahajani and Harsha periodis, butcivil scriptHas been specially used.
Following are some important records related to the history of Rajasthan-
Ashoka's inscription : JaipurnearBairathIn this article obtained from AshokaBuddhismAdoption is confirmed. Currently this articleKolkata MuseumIs in. This article of AshokaPali language and Brahmin scriptIs in.cunninghamThis inscription was taken to Kolkata for study.
Ghosundi's article : chittorgarhThis article received from the district in RajasthanVaishnava (Bhagavata) sectThe oldest record related to this is from the second century BC. hisLanguage Sanskrit and script BrahmiIs.
Barali inscription:This inscriptionRajasthan's oldest inscriptionIs called. 35 km from Ajmer. far away near barliMilot Mata TempleIt was obtained from. This was in the second century BC. It is of Brahmi script.
Manmori inscription (Chittorgarh): this recordmaurya dynastyIs related to. its praiseNagabhattason ofPushyaand engraverShivaditya, grandson of KarunWas. In thisChitrangad Mauryamentions whochittorgarhWas constructed. In this, there is mention of four Maurya (Maurya) kings namely Maheshwar (Shatruhanta), Bhima (king of Avantipur), Bhoj and Raja Maan. In thisnectar churningThere is mention of tax in the story and in relation to it. Whencolonel toadwas taking it to EnglandHad to be thrown into the sea due to imbalance.
Nandasa Yupa-pillar inscription (225 AD) : Nandasa BhilwaraThere is a village of. Where there is a round pillar which is about 12 feet high and five and a half feet round.
Barwa Yup Inscription (238-39 AD), Kota: Barwa UP RecordsBarwa Gram KotaLocated in. hisLanguage Sanskrit and script Brahmi NorthernIs.maukhari kingsThis is the oldest and first record of. Yup is a type of pillar.
City inscription (424 AD): this articleD.R. BhandarkarbycityWas obtained at the time of excavation. ThisAjmer MuseumWas saved in. hisLanguage Sanskrit and script NagariIs. its relationworship of vishnuIs from a special place.
Bhraramata's article (490 AD) : small sareeThere is a temple of Bhraramata in (District Chittor). From here an article of 17 lines in Sanskrit verse has been made available which is very helpful in understanding the political situation of the fifth century. In thisGaurvansh and Aulikar dynastyDescription of the rulers of. The temple of Mata was built here by the glorious rulers, which shows their devotion towards Shakta religion. The author of Prashasti was Brahmasom, son of Mitrasom and the writer was Purva.
Article of Basantgarh (625 AD) : father-in-lawof the districtBasantgarhOfV.No. 682articles ofRaja VarmalatIt is from the time of.feudal systemBut this article sheds some light.
Sammoli inscription (646 AD):This inscriptionMewarsouth ofBhomat Tehsil Sammoli VillageGot it from. This article is about MewarGuhil Raja ShiladityaV.S. of the time of 703 (AD 646). used inLanguage Sanskrit and script crookedIs. This also indicates thatJawarin Aranyagiri nearcopper and zinc minesThe work may also have started from this era.
Inscription of Aparajit (661 AD): This article is located near Nagde village.Temple of KundeshwarFound in. of the articlelanguage sanskritIs.guhil ruler undefeatedFrom this article we get information about the successive victories of the Guhilas. According to this, Aparajit became a brilliant ruler.Varah SinghDefeated him and appointed him as his commander. In thisVishnu TempleThere is also mention of the construction of.
Kanaswa inscription (738 AD) Kota: in this recordMaurya dynasty king DhavalHas been mentioned. possibly in Dhawal RajasthanLast Mori (Maurya) Dynasty KingWas.
Mandaur inscription (837 AD), Jodhpur:This Gurjar King'bauk' is praised. In thisGenealogy of Gurjar-Pratiharas, mention of Vishnu and Shiva worshipHas been done
Ghatiyala inscription (861 AD) : JodhpurA place called Ghatiala, 22 miles away fromJain templeWhommother's year' It is said that there is a group of four articles on the pillar located near. of the articlelanguage sanskritIn which prose and poetry have been used. in this articlePratihara rulers, mainly Kakkuk PratiharaInformation is available about the achievements and political, social and religious policies. in this articleBrahmins of 'Mag' casteSpecial mention has also been made which is indicative of varna division. ‘Mag’ BrahminoswalasThey lived in the shelter of Jain temples and also performed pujas in Jain temples. These writings were written by Maga and engraved by the goldsmith Krishnashwara.
Gwalior Prashasti of Mihirbhoj (880 AD) : Gurjar PratiharasMost notable among the articles ofMihirbhojThere is Gwalior Abhilesh which is in the form of a commendation. There is no date mentioned in it. It is the main means of knowing the political achievements and genealogy of the rulers of Pratihar dynasty.
Pratapgarh inscription (946 AD), Pratapgarh: in this recordGurjar-PratiharNareshMahendrapalThe achievements of have been described.
Bijolia inscription(Bhilwara 1170 AD, Prashastikar Gunbhadra): In this inscriptionSambhar (Shakambhari)AndAjmerOfChauhansIs described. According to this the ancestors of ChauhansVasudev Chahmanby551 ADEstablished the Chahamana (Chauhan) state in Shakambhari andSambhar LakeWas constructed. He**Ahichchhatrapur (Nagaur)**Made it its capital. In this, the Chauhans of Sambhar and Ajmer have been described as Vatsagotriya Brahmins and their genealogy has been given.
Achaleshwar Prashasti:This praise is very big. In thisMention of man being born from the fire pitand it is described thatDhumraj, the original man of ParmarsWas.
Praise of Lunvasahi (Abu-Delwara) (1230 AD): this praisePorwad Jatiya Shah Vastupal Tejpalbuilt byDelwada village of AbuOfLunvasahi TemplesIt is of Samvat 1287. hislanguage sanskritIs.
Praise of the temple of Neminath (Abu) (1230 AD): this praiseV.No. 1287Is of. to thisTejpalof Delwada village on Abu built byTemple of NeminathWas installed in. In this, the description of the Parmars and the dynasties of Vastupala and Tejpal, who ruled over Abu, Marwar, Sindh, Malwa and some parts of Gujarat, is given.
Chirva inscription (Udaipur):Chirava inscription1273 ADIs of. 36 lines andIn Devanagari script and Sanskrit languageInscription of 51 verses written inInformation about Guhilvanshi Ranas of Mewar till the period of Samar SinghProvides.
Inscription of Shringirishi (1428 AD) : Mewar(15th century) From this article obtained from the regionGuhil dynastyAlong with information about ancient tribes of RajasthanBhil tribeIt also throws light on the social life of the people.
Ranakpur Prashasti article: this article1439 ADwhich is ofJain Chaumukh Temple of RanakpurI am engaged. From this article it appears that the builder of RanakpurDeepaWas. in this articleMention of Mewar kings from Bapa to KumbhaGet it.
Kirtistambh Prashasti (1440-1448 AD) Chittorgarh: its praiseMahesh BhattWas. itRana KumbhaIs praised. In thisGenealogy of Guhils from Bapa to Rana KumbhaAnd his achievements are described. It gives a detailed description of the achievements of Rana Kumbha and the books written by him. in this praiseChandishatak, Geet Govind's Commentary, SangeetrajOther important texts have been mentioned. In praise of KumbhaMaharajadhiraj, Abhinav Bharatacharya, Hindu Surtan, Rayarayan, Rano Raso, Chhapguru, Danguru,
Rajguru and ShailguruHas been called by such titles.
Kumbhalgarh Prashasti (1460 AD) Rajsamand: its engraver (engraver)poet maheshWas. In thisDescription of Guhil dynasty and their achievementsHave been told. in this article**Bapa Rawal was a non-resident (Brahmin)**It has been told. This is an important means to clearly know the genealogy of the Maharanas of Mewar.
Inscription of Kumbhalgarh (1460 AD): This inscription was engraved on five rocks, of which the first, third and fourth rocks are available. used inLanguage Sanskrit and script NagariIs.
Raisingh Prashasti (1594 AD) Bikaner: its praiseJaina sage Jaita (inertia), disciple of KshemaratnaWas. In thisFrom Rao Bika to Rao RaisinghDescribes the achievements of the rulers of Bikaner. according to thisBikaner FortConstructed from January 30, 1589 to 1594Rao Raisinghhis ministerKarmchandWas done by. Bikaner Fort**‘Lalgarh’ because it is made of red stones**It has also been said. Another name of this fort is ‘Junagadh' is also there.
Article of Amer (1612 AD) : Mansingh IIn this article ofKachhwaha dynastyTo 'Raghuvansh Tilak' and in this the names of Prithviraj, his son Raja Bharmal, his son Bhagwant Das and his son Maharajadhiraj Mansingh are given in order. Amer region by MansinghJamvaramgarh FortMention has been made of it being made.
Jagannathrai Prashasti (1652 AD) Udaipur: its praiseKrishna BhattWas. of the articleScript Devanagari and language SanskritIs. In thisFrom Bapa Rawal to Jagat Singh SisodiaGuhilas are described. This award is from UdaipurTemple of JagannathraiIt is engraved on black stone on both sides of the part leading to the assembly hall.
Rajsingh Prashasti (1676 AD) Rajsamand: its citationRanchodbhatta Tailang (Brahmin)Was. ThisIn 1676 AD Maharana Rajsingh SisodiaWas established at the time of. It is of Rajsamand Lake.nine outposts'on the sail of25 black stonesengraved onWorld's biggest award (record)Is. Raj Singh's successors ordered to get this epic engraved on stone slabs.JaisinghWere given by. In thisFrom Bapa Rawal to Rana Jagat Singh IIThe genealogy and achievements of Guhilas are described. In thisDescription of the Mughal-Mewar treaty made by Maharana Amar SinghIs.
Persian inscription
Article of two and a half day hut : AjmerInQutubuddin Aibakbytwo and a half day hutMade it. On thisPersian languageThe names of its makers are written in. itIndia's oldest Persian textIs.
Inscription of the Dargah of Dhai-bi-Pir (1303 AD) : chittorIt is known from the Persian text obtained from1303 ADInAlauddin Khiljicaptured Chittor and named it after his elder sonKhizr Khanin the name ofKhizrabadDid it.
Article of Shahabad (1679 AD) : BanaraFrom this article obtained from the district it is known that the Mughal rulerAurangzebIn this ADJizya tax on non-muslim peopleInformation about tax policy of Lagadiya Aurangzeb is also available.
copper plate
copper plate land donationAre connected to. When a ruler donated land to his feudal lord/official/Brahmin/monk etc., it was mentioned in the copper plate in the form of a Sanad. first in indiaSatavahana rulersStarted the practice of donating land to Brahmins/Buddhist monks. in copper platesSanskrit language was used first but later the local languageStarted being used.**This type of land is free from all taxes.**Used to be. Over time, similar grants contributed to the development of feudalism. Due to this the central control became loose.
In the measure of land'Bigha' And 'Plough'Words are used which were of small and big size. One plow had a quantity of 50 bigha and a bigha was generally measured at 25 to 40 bamboos. in soil typesPeeval, Magro, Patat, Galat-Haas, Charanot, Rankhad, Video, Kankad, Talai, GormoWords like etc. were used. to cropsSiyalu and Unaluand thenRabi and KharifWas distributed in.
Following are some of the major copper plates of Rajasthan:-
Donation letter of Dhulev (679 AD):It is described thatKishkindha (Kalyanpur)OfMaharaj BhetiBy giving orders to his Mahamatra and other officers, he informed them that he had done this for the benefit and charity of Maharaj Bappadatti.village named ubbarakToBhattinagGave it as a grant to a Brahmin named.
Broach Gurjar copper plate (978 AD): In thisGurjar clanOfSapta Saindhava expedition from India to Ganga KaveriIs described. इसी ताम्रपत्र के आधार परcunninghamto the RajputsKushans Yu-e-chi casteIt is believed that.
Cheekli copper plate (1483 AD): From this**'Miscellaneous taxes' collected from farmersIs revealed. In thisDescription of farming by Patels, Suthars and Brahmins**Is.
Copper plate of Pur (1535 AD): this copper plateMaharana Shri VikramadityaIt is from the time of. In thisHadi Rani Committee (Karmavati)ByJauharInformation about the land grant given is available at the time of entry. from this copper plateJauhar ritualfalls on andSecond branch of ChittorThe exact time is determined.
Kherada copper plate (1437 AD): this copper plateMaharana KumbhaIt is from the time of. In thisAtonement by Rana Kumbha in EklingjiInformation about the fields donated, currency prevalent at that time, religious status is available.
coins
Coinsstudy ofnumismaticsIt is said. first in indiaCoins came into use 2500 years agoTheseCoins in a fragmented state during excavation.Has been received. Therefore thesehurt currenciesIt is said. on thesespecial symbolRemained. Therefore thesepunchmark coinsIt is also said. These currencies are in square, rectangular and circular form. In Kotilya's Arthashastra theseGage/KarshapanThese were mostly made of silver metal.
in indiafirst inscribed gold coins Indo-Greek (Indian-Yavana) rulersIssued by. in indiaSaka rulers first minted silver coinsdrove andLead and putty coins of Satavahana rulersdrove. On the subject of coins of the then princely states of RajputanacableIn 1893 ADThe Currencies of the Hindu States of Rajputana' Wrote a book named, which is considered unique even today.
of RajasthanChauhan dynastyFirst issued its own currencies in the state. "In them"dram" And "disperser"copper"metaphor"silver"dinar"It was a gold coin.
in the middle agesAkbarin Rajasthan “coin a elchi"Issued. Akbar'sAmerhad good relations with so therefirst mintPermission to open was granted.
Raidh (Tonk)From3075 struck silver coinsHave been found. itThe largest hoard of struck coins found from a single place in IndiaIs. These coins have been called Dharan or Pan.
In addition to the grainViratnagar, Ahad, Nagar (Tonk), Nagari (Chittor) and SambharInjured coins have also been found from other places.
Malav Ganarelated to6000 copper coins Nagar (Tonk)Received from whose discoveryCarlyleDid it. These coins are considered to be the smallest and least weight coins in the world.
Most of the gold coins found are from the Gupta period.
The maximum number of Gupta coins (1821 coins) have been found from a place called Naglachail (Bayana, Bharatpur).
in 1900 ADBritish periodof silver in RajasthanKaldar coinsCame into vogue.
Jodhpur MintIts silver coins are world famous.
Note -Rangmahal (Hanumangarh)met in105 Kushan period copper coinsToMurandaHaving said.
princely coins
‘Gadhiya Mudra’ was prevalent in Mewar during the post-Gupta period. Guhil, the first founder of Mewar, had issued copper coins. Coins with the inscription ‘Guhilpati’ are believed to be minted by Guhil.
A gold coin of Bapa has been found which weighs 115 grains, thus Bapa was the first Guhil ruler of Mewar who issued gold coins. Rana Kumbha had issued silver and copper coins. With the Mughal-Mewar treaty (1615 AD), circulation of Mughal coins started in Mewar.
reality book- Mention of the king's daily routine
rule book- Copying the king's orders
Kamthana river- Information related to building and fort construction
KamathaThere is also tax.
purchase book- description of correspondences
State Archives BikanerThe above mentioned books are stored in.
Ram Navami
Rajasthani literature
sanskrit literature
Persian literature
Prince Albert Museum, Jaipur: This is the first museum established in the state. Its foundation was laid by Prince Albert in 1876 AD during the time of Maharaja Ram Singh and this museum was named Albert Museum.
Rajputana Museum, Ajmer: This museum was established in the historical fort ‘Akbar Ka Qila’ (Magazine) of Ajmer and was formally inaugurated on 19 October 1908 by Mr. Calvin, Agent to the Governor General (AGG) in Rajputana.
Ganga Golden Jubilee Museum, Bikaner: Italian scholar Dr. L.P. Tessitori gave birth to this museum. Here there is an attractive statue of Jain Saraswati obtained from Pallu.
Birla Technical Museum, Pilani:This is the country's first industry and technical museum. The display of coal mines in this museum is considered to be the only one in the whole of Asia.
Mehrangarh Museum, Jodhpur: Located in Mehrangarh Fort (Jodhpur). Paag-turbans from different areas of Rajasthan are displayed.
Umaid Bhawan Palace Museum, Jodhpur: Unique collection of watches.
Ahar Museum, Ahar (Udaipur): Museum of Antiquities of Ahad Civilization run by Rajasthan Archeology Department.
Oriental Studies Foundation, Jodhpur: This establishment is a repository of manuscripts and oriental knowledge materials of Rajasthan state.
Haldighati Museum:This museum preserves the memories of the life of Veer Shiromani Maharana Pratap.Rajsamand- Is in the district. Name of Haldighati MuseumGuinness Book of World RecordsIs registered in.
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