Programming Fundamentals Syllabus & Notes

Core programming principles, control flow, functions, memory pointers, arrays, data types, modular design, and problem-solving techniques.

Topics in Programming Fundamentals

• Programming Languages:
• Introduction to Programming Fundamentals: This module covers the history and evolution of programming languages, the differences between compilation and interpretation, and setting up a development environment. Students will write and execute their first program.
• Data Types and Variables: Learn about built-in and user-defined data types, type modifiers, constants, literals, and the scope and lifetime of variables. This module also covers type casting.
• Operators and Control Flow: This section explores various operators (arithmetic, relational, logical, assignment, bitwise) and their precedence. Students will implement decision-making logic using conditional statements and control program flow with loops.
• Functions and Command Line Arguments: Master the creation of reusable code through function declaration and definition, parameter passing, and recursion. You will also learn to handle command line inputs and understand function overloading.
• Pointers, Structures and Unions: Understand memory management through pointers and pointer arithmetic, and work with arrays and pointers. This module also covers structures, unions, and dynamic memory allocation.
• Enumerated Types and File Handling: This module introduces enumerated data types and covers file input/output operations in C/C++ and streams in C++/Java. Students will learn to read, write, and handle errors in file operations.
• Object-Oriented Programming Concepts: Dive into the core principles of OOP, including objects, classes, constructors, destructors, encapsulation, abstraction, and access specifiers. This module focuses on designing classes and objects.
• Inheritance and Polymorphism: Explore different types of inheritance, method overriding, virtual functions, and the concepts of compile-time and run-time polymorphism. Java interfaces are also covered.
• Exception and Event Handling: Learn to manage runtime errors through exception handling mechanisms in C++ and Java, including try, catch, throw, and custom exceptions. Basics of event-driven programming and delegates/events in .NET are introduced.
• Introduction to AI, Machine Learning and Blockchain: This introductory module covers the fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, including supervised and unsupervised learning, and their application in Python. Basics of Blockchain technology and smart contracts are also explored.

Sample Practice Questions

• निम्नलिखित class definition पर विचार करें:public class Test {int var; String myString;public Test(){this(0,“Default”);}public Test(int var, String myString) {this.var = var; this.myString = myString; }}नीचे दिया गया कोड क्या करेगा?Test test = new Test();
• Java में उपयोगकर्ता से एक पूर्णांक (integer) पढ़ने के लिए सही सिंटैक्स क्या है?
• कौन सी भाषा कम्प्यूटर की नहीं है -
• निम्न में कौन कोन एक programming language नहीं है -
• C में प्री-प्रोसेसर को ____ संप्रतीक द्वारा परिभाषित किया जाता है।
• ____ एक कार्य को आदेशों की श्रृंखला में अनुवाद करने की एक प्रक्रिया है, जिन्हें कम्प्यूटर उस कार्य को करने के लिए उपयोग करेंगे।
• जब Compiler दो overloaded constructors में अंतर नहीं कर सकता है तो कहलाता है -
• OOP में एनकैप्सुलेशन की अवधारणा क्या है -