The remains of the oldest paintings in Rajasthan have been found at places like Kota, on the rocks on the banks of the Chambal River, on the hills of Mukandra and Darra, on the rocks on the banks of the Alania River, etc. The most ancient painted texts available in Rajasthan have been found in Jaisalmer Bhandar, 'Odh Niryukti Vritti' and 'Das Vaikalika Sutra Churni' of 1060 AD.
The painting style of Rajasthan has been influenced by the styles of Gujarat and Kashmir.
William Lawrence expressed the opinion that Rajasthani painting style is purely Indian.
- illustration of animals and birds
- hunter scene
- court scene
- female beauty
- illustration of religious texts etc.
The basic style of Rajasthani painting styles is Mewar style.
On the basis of geography, Rajasthani painting style is divided into four parts. Which are called schools.
1.Mewar School:- Udaipur style, Nathdwara style, Chavand style, Deogarh style, Shahpura style.
2.Marwar School:- Jodhpur style, Bikaner style, Jaisalmer style, Nagaur style, Kishangarh style.
3.Dhudhaad School:- Jaipur style, Amer style, Uniara style, Shekhawati style, Alwar style.
4.Hadoti School:- Kota style, Bundi style, Jhalawar style.
Green – Alwar style of Jaipur
Pink/White – Kishangarh Style
Blue - Kota Style
Golden - Bundi Style
Yellow – Jodhpur and Bikaner style
senior citizens above 70 years of age
Hathi and Chakor - Mewar Style
Eagle/crow and camel - Jodhpur and Bikaner style
Deer/lion and duck - Kota and Bundi style
Horse and peacock:- Jaipur and Alwar style
Cow and Peacock - Nathdwara Style
Peepal/Banyan – Jaipur and Alwar style
Dates - Kota and Bundi style
Mango – Jodhpur and Bikaner style
Kadamba – Mewar style
Banana - Nathdwara Style
Khanjar Samaan - Bikaner Style
Mrig Samaan – Mewar Style
Mango leaves - Kota and Bundi style
Meen Krit:- Jaipur and Alwar style
Kaman-like - Kishangarh style
Almond-Jodhpur Style
Udaipur style
It is the basic style of Rajasthani painting.
The initial development of the style took place during the period of Kumbha.
The golden period of the style was the reign of Jagat Singh I.
During the time of Maharana Jagat Singh, an art school named "Chitero Ri Owari" was opened in the royal palaces of Udaipur, which is also known as "Tasviran Ro Karkhano".
In the book named Panchatantra written by Vishnu Sharma, the principles of human life have been explained through the stories of animals and birds.
The Persian translation of the Panchatantra is "Kalila Damana", an allegorical story. It describes the king (lion) and his two ministers (jackals) Kalila and Damana.
Pictures were painted in the Udaipur style under the names Kalila and Damana.
The initial painting of this style was made during the reign of Maharana Tej Singh of Mewar in 1260-61 AD.Shravak Pratikarmana Sutra PowderPortrayed in Ahad. Whose painter was Kamalchand.
In 1423 AD, during the reign of Maharana Mokal, a picture named Supasnah Chariyam was painted by painter Hiranand.
Prominent painters – Manohar Lal, Sahibdin (court painter of Maharana Jagat Singh-I), Kripa Ram, Umra etc.
Illustrated texts - 1. Arsh Ramayan - by Manohar and Sahibdeen. 2. Geet Govind – By Sahabdin.
Subject depicted – in Mewar painting styledepiction of religious subjectsto be done.
In this style, paintings were made on texts like Ramayana, Mahabharata, Rasik Priya, Geet Govind etc.
Mewar painting style has been influenced by Gurjar and Jain styles.
style by nath
Mewar by Nathprincely stateIt used to come under, which is currently situated in Rajsamand district.
The Shri Nath Ji temple located here was built by Maharaja Raj Singh of Mewar in 1671-72.
this templePichwai (curtain behind the idol in the temple) artFamous for, which is actually a form of Nathdwara style.
This painting style was developed by the artists of Mathura.
The period of Maharaja Raj Singh is called the golden period of this style.
Subjects depicted - Shri Krishna's child's pastimes, depiction of cowherds, Yamuna bath, Annakoot festival etc.
Painters – Khetdan, Narayan, Ghasiram, Chaturbhuj, Udayaram, Khubiram etc.
lotus and cardamomShe is a female painter of Nathdwara style.
Niche wet fresco style has been used in the wall paintings at Nathdwara.
Deogarh style
The initial development of this style took place during the time of Maharaja Dwarikadas Chudawat.
The credit for making this style famous is given to Dr. Shridhar Andhare is there.
Subjects depicted – hunting scenes, harems, royal splendor.
Painters – Bagla, Kanwala, Chikha/Chokha, Baijnath etc.
Shahpura style
This style developed in Shahpura town of Bhilwara district.
This painting style is used in the famous art of Shahpura, Phad Chitrakhankan.
The Joshi family here is engaged in Phad painting.
Shri Lal Joshi, Durgadas Joshi, Parvati Joshi (first woman Phad painter) etc.
Picture - Clash of elephants and horses (Chitrakastaju)
chavand style
The initial development of this style took place during the reign of Maharana Pratap.
The golden period is considered to be the period of Amar Singh I.
Painter - Naseeruddin is a painter of this style.
Nasiruddin made a painting named "Ragamala".
jodhpur style
There is influence of Mughal style on this style.
The initial development of this style took place during the period of Rao Maldev (winner of 52 wars).
The golden period was the period of Jaswant Singh I.
The influence of Mughal style came during the time of Mota Raja Udai Singh.
Other patrons were – Mansingh, Shursingh, Abhay Singh.
Subjects depicted - royal grandeur, court scenes etc.
Painters – Kishandas Bhati, Devi Singh Bhati, Amar Singh Bhati, Veer Singh Bhati, Devdas Bhati, Shivdas Bhati, Ratan Bhati, Narayan Bhati, Gopaldas Bhati were prominent.
Major paintings – Mainly folktales were depicted in this style of painting. Like:- Bhoom Lade, Nihalde, Dhola-Maru, Ujali-Jethwa, Kalyan Ragni, Nath Charitra (Mansingh was influenced by Nath sect (Lord Shankar), Sursagar, Ragamala, Panchatantra, Kama Sutra.
Kishangarh style
Kishangarh style flourished during the reign of Kishangarh ruler Sawat Singh Rathore.
The golden period of this style is considered to be the period from 1747 to 1764 AD.
During the reign of Maharaja Sawat Singh, the best picture of this style, Bani-Thani, was painted by Sawat Singh's painter "Moradhwaj Nihal Chand".
Pictures of this style "Bani-Thani"But a postage stamp of 20 paise was issued by the government in 1973.
by eric dixon**"Monalisa" of "Bani-Thani" picture**Said.
To bring this style to international levelCredit Eric Dixon and Faiyaz Aliis given to.
The main theme of Kishangarh style has been female beauty. Lotus filled lakes, boating, travel depictions etc. are the specialties of this style.
This style has been influenced by Kangra style.
Major nose ornament used in Vesari Kishangarh style.
Other paintings - Chandni Raat Ki Sangeet Goshthi were made by painter Amarchand during the time of Sawant Singh.
Other painters – Chhotu Singh and Badan Singh are other prominent painters.
Sawat Singh, the ruler of Kishangarh, went to Rajpat Dhodkar-Vrindavan in his last days and got absorbed in devotion to Krishna. He named himself "Nagridas" and started composing poetry under the name "Nagar Samuchchay".
Bikaner style
This style was influenced by the Mughal style.
The initial development of this style took place during the time of Raisingh Rathod.
The golden period of this style is considered to be the period of Maharaja Anup Singh.
The influence of Mughal style came during the time of King Kalyanmal.
This style was used in Ala Gilla Karigari (wall painting done through lime on a damp wall is called Ala Gilla Karigari, this art was brought from Italy during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar), wood painting, Mathairan and Usta art.
Under this style, the famous painter during the time of Maharaja Rai Singh was Hamit Ruknuddin.
Shah Mohammad at the time of Maharaja Gaj (brought from Lahore)
The main court painters of Maharaja Anup Singh were Hasan, Allirazza and Ramlal.
Other painters – Munnalal and Mastlal were other prominent painters.
The subjects of depiction in this style were court scenes, cloud scenes.
In this style, the male figure was shown with a beard and a fierce nature.
The oldest picture of this style, "Bhagwat Purana" was painted during the time of Maharaja Raisingh.
**The artist put his signature and date below the picture.**Used to do.
Jaisalmer style
It is the only style of the state which is not influenced by any other style.
An abundance of colors is seen in this style.
The famous painting of this style is "Moomal".
"Moomal" is called 'Monalisa of Maand'.
The initial development of this style took place during the period of Harrai Bhati.
The golden period of this style is considered to be the period of Akhairaj Bhati.
Nagaur style
There are paintings in this style on the walls of Nagaur Fort.
Religious depiction has been done in this style.
Light/muted colors have been used in Nagaur style.
Ajmer style
combination of all colors
Pictures of this style were made even in the homes of the poor.
alwar style
Alwar style is influenced by Iranian, Mughal and Jaipur style.
The period of Maharaja Vinay Singh is considered to be the golden period of this style.
In this style during the time of Maharaja Shivdan**Pictures based on prostitutes or courtesans were made, i.e. pictures based on Kamashastra are the personal specialty of this style.**Is.
in this stylePainting on ivory plates by Mool ChandDone by.
Basalo illustration i.e. fine illustration on the border and Yogasana are the main subjects of this style.
In the background of Alwar style paintings, a scene of white sky and white clouds is shown.
Prominent painter - a book written by the Muslim saint Sheikh SaadiGulistanPictures based on it were prepared by painters named Ghulam Ali and Baldev. Dalchand, Sahadev and Buddharam are other prominent painters.
amer style
in this stylepredominance of natural colorsIs.
The initial development of this style took place during the period of Mansingh-I.
The period of Mirza Raja Jai Singh is considered to be the golden period of Amer painting style.
Amer painting style has been used in the form of wall paintings in the palaces of Amer. Mughal style had the greatest influence on this style.
Major paintings - 1. Bihari Satsai (Jagannath - painter) 2. Aadi Purana (Pushdutta - painter)
Jaipur style
The initial development of Jaipur style took place during the time of Sawai Jai Singh.
The golden period of Jaipur style is considered to be the period of Sawai Pratap Singh.
Ruler of Jaipur**During the time of Ishwari Singh, large life-size paintings of kings and maharajas, i.e. portrait paintings, were made in this style by the court painter Sahib Ram.**Prepared by.
Major pictures - 1. Govardhan Puja (Gopal Das - painter) 2. Rasamandal
Prominent painters – Govindaram, Laxman Das, Sagigram, Gopal Das were the prominent painters.
Subjects of illustration – war scenes, animal fights, Kama Sutra and mythological stories.
Uniara style
This style is a mixture of Jaipur and Bundi styles.
Painters – Mir Baksh, Bakhta, Kashiram, Dhima, Uniyara are the main painters of this style.
Main theme of this genreromantic priyaIs. Rasikpriya is a book written by the famous poet Keshav of the Riti period.
Shekhawati style
This style developed during the period of Sardul Singh Shekhawat.
This style has been used as wall painting in mansions.
This style is a rich style in terms of wall paintings in mansions.
in this stylemural painter chezareIs called.
**Shekhawati style wall painters inscribed their names and dates on their paintings.**Used to do.
marking one side of the hair strandIt is a major painting of Shaikavati style.
The tableau of folk life was the main subject of this genre.
Major Chejors – Baluram, Tansukh, Jaidev.
Bundi style
The golden period of Bundi style and the period of Surjan Singh Hada is considered.
Bundi styleRajasthani school of thought or ancient school of thoughtIt is said.
Bundi style is the best style of the state after Kishangarh style.
In Bundi style, a coordination of Southern style, Iranian style, Mughal style and Maratha style can be seen.
The Chitrashala situated here was built by Rao Ummed Singh Hada under the Bundi style. whomParadise of MuralsThey say.
The paintings of Rangmahal were prepared during the time of Rao Shatrushal Hada.
Main features of Bundi style of depiction of animals and birdsIs.
Golden and bright colors have been used in abundance in this style.
The main painter of this style is Ahmed Ali.
Peacock dancing in the rain, lion roaming in the forest, monkeys jumping on trees and male figures were the subjects of depiction.
kota style
The independent development of this style took place during the time of Maharaja Ram Singh.
Most of the paintings were painted in Kota style during the reign of Maharaja Umed Singh Hada.
**The main feature of this genre is depiction of hunting scenes.**Is.
of the stateThe only genre in which women are depicted huntingHas gone.
kota styleLargest Picture Ragamala SetIt was prepared by a painter named Dalu during the time of Maharaja Guman Singh in 1768 AD.
Prominent painters were - Dalu, Noor Muhammad, Govindaram, Raghunathdas, Lachchiram (father of Kuchamani Khayal) etc.
Jodhpur - Chitera, Dhora
Udaipur-Dhakmal, Tulika Art Council
Jaipur- Kalavrit, Dimension. Pang, Creative Institutions, Jawahar Kala Kendra in 1993
Bhilwara - Marking
Rajasthan School of Arts and Crafts – Established in Jaipur in 1857 (1866) by Maharaja Ram Singh. Old name Madrasa-e-Hunri.
Rajasthan Lalit Kala Academy – established in Jaipur on 24 November 1957 (1956).
- Pothi Khana – Jaipur 2. Jain Bhandar – Jaisalmer
- Book/Man Prakash - Jodhpur 4. Saraswati Bhandar - Udaipur
- Alwar Bhandar - Alwar 6. Kota Bhandar - Kota
Ramgopal Vijayvargiya
Born- Born in Baler (Sawaimadhopur).
Will benefit from the East Canal Project. This project will be completed by 2051 to provide drinking water facility to humans and animals in these districts. It is proposed to provide water for irrigation of 2.8 lakh hectares of land through 26 different large and medium projects. Under the Inter Basin Transfer Project, 5 rivers – Chambal River, Kunu River, Kalisindh, Parvati and Kool River will be linked together. This project is worth about Rs 38000 crore. Rajasthan Government has written a letter to the Central Government to declare this as a national project, if this happens then 90% of the amount will be borne by the Central Government.
Portrait of women was his main subject.
He is called the "father of modern painting of Rajasthan".
Govardhan Lalbaba
Born – Born in Kankroli (Rajsamand).
The depiction of Bhili life was his main subject.
He is also called "Chitera of Bhils".
His main/famous picture is Baraat.
Parmanand Choyal
Born in Kota
The depiction of buffaloes was his main subject, he is also called “Bhaso Ka Chitera”.
Jagmohan Mathodia
Born in Jaipur.
The subjects of his paintings were 'dogs', they are also called "Chitera of dogs".
Bhoor Singh Shekhawat
Born in Bikaner.
The depiction of rural environment and patriots was his main subject. They are called “Chiteras of villages”.
Kripal Singh Shekhawat
Born – Born in Maugaon (Sikar).
He is called the "Magician of Blue Pottery".
Blue and green colors were used in traditional pottery.
Kripal Singh Shekhawat used 25 colors in pottery.
He was given the 'Padma Shri' award in 1974.
Sobhag Mal Gehlot
Born in Jaipur.
Its main theme was the depiction of birds' nests, these are called "nests of nests".
Surjit Kaur Chail
His workplace was Jaipur.
She is the first painter from the state whose paintings were exhibited in the "Fukako Art Gallery" of Japan.
Devki Nandan Sharma
Depiction of animals and birds was his main subject. These are called "Man of nature and living objects".
Raja Ravi Verma
Raja Ravi Varma, a resident of Kerala, is called the "Father of Indian Painting".
A.H. Muller
German traditionalist painter whose paintings are stored in Bikaner Museum.
wall painting
There are mainly three methods of wall painting.
- Fresco Bruno 2. Fresco Sacco 3. Simple Mural Painting
fresco bruno
Painting done on a freshly plastered damp wall.
This art was brought to India from Italy during the time of Mughal emperor Akbar.
Due to the strong relationship of the rulers of the princely state of Jaipur with the Mughals, this tradition of wall painting started from Jaipur and then spread throughout Rajasthan.
In Rajasthan this art is called Alagila/Arayash art.
In Shaikawati region this style is called Pana.
fresco seco
In this Italian art, painting is done after the plastered wall has dried.
Simple wall painting – Painting done on a simple wall.
Other important facts
Peacock bird has been given prominence in Rajasthani painting styles.
Red and yellow colors have been used extensively in Rajasthani painting styles.
From the point of view of wall painting, Kota and Bundi states are rich states of Rajasthan.
The painters of Bikaner style and Shaikawati style used to write their name and date on the paintings.
Various types of jewelery are shown in the baseri (nose) paintings of Kishangarh style.
Veerji has been a prominent painter of Jodhpur style.
Uttaradhyaan and Kalyan are the main pictures of Ragini Veer Ji.
Jhala Haveli of Kota is famous for its depiction of hunting scenes, these were built by Jhala Zalim Singh.
The wall painting done on the Chhatri of Gopaldas in Shaikhavati is the most ancient/traditional. Which has been prepared by a painter named Deva.
The oldest picture in Rajasthani painting styles was painted under Dasavaikaalika Sutra Churni Jaisalmer style which is currently stored in Jain Bhandar.
Under the Shekhawati region, local painters painted mansions, temples, stepwells, etc.
The towns of Shekhawati region have been rich in Haveli wall paintings.
Towns like Mandawa, Javalgarh, Laxmangarh, Mahansar, Fatehpur etc. come under it.
The picture of the heroine removing a thorn from her foot is of Kota style.