What causes the formation of a rainbow?

Subject: General Science

Topic: The Human Eye and the Colourful World

Options:

1. Option A: Reflection of sunlight by clouds
2. Option B: Dispersion of sunlight by tiny water droplets
3. Option C: Scattering of light by air molecules
4. Option D: Refraction of light by the atmosphere

Correct Answer:

Option B: Dispersion of sunlight by tiny water droplets

Explanation:

A rainbow is caused by dispersion of sunlight by tiny water droplets present in the atmosphere. The water droplets act like small prisms, refracting and dispersing light.